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Divorce Under Hindu Marriage Laws: Reasons and Requirements

    Evolution of Divorce Laws in India:

    Over the years, India’s divorce laws have seen numerous changes, shaping the reasons for which marriages can be legally ended. Initially, divorce was linked to fault-based grounds, including nine for both spouses and two specific to wives. Subsequent amendments introduced fresh grounds and concepts, acknowledging the changing dynamics of marriages and the challenges they bring.

    Adultery as a Valid Divorce Ground:

    The act of a married person engaging in consensual sexual relations with someone else is now recognized as a legitimate reason for divorce. Proving adultery necessitates showing that the act occurred while the marriage was ongoing. This can be established through circumstantial evidence or the contraction of a venereal disease.

    Incorporating Mental and Physical Cruelty:

    The definition of cruelty within marriages now encompasses both mental and physical cruelty. While physical cruelty is apparent, mental cruelty refers to actions causing substantial distress, affecting both mental and physical well-being. This includes false accusations, dowry demands, and the refusal to participate in marital intimacy.

    Note: If you reside in Mohali or Chandigarh and are facing a divorce, it’s important to enlist the services of the top divorce lawyer in Mohali.

    The Concept of Desertion:

    Desertion takes place when one spouse abandons their marital responsibilities without valid reason or the other spouse’s consent. For desertion to serve as a ground for divorce, specific criteria must be met, including separation, intention to desert, and the passage of a predetermined period.

    Conversion, Insanity, and Leprosy as Grounds:

    In cases where a spouse converts to another religion, becomes incurably insane, or contracts leprosy, divorce can be sought. Conversion to certain religions, such as Islam or Christianity, is considered valid. Insanity entails the respondent having a mental disorder that hampers conjugal life. Leprosy is acknowledged due to its contagious nature and social stigma.

    Venereal Disease and Renunciation:

    The presence of a communicable venereal disease, regardless of its duration, can warrant a divorce. Additionally, Hindu law permits divorce if one spouse renounces the world and embraces a holy order. This renunciation must be absolute and evident.

    Presumed Death and Special Grounds for Wives:

    If an individual remains untraceable for seven years, they are presumed to be deceased. Special grounds for wives encompass situations like a pre-existing polygamous marriage, serious offenses like rape or bestiality committed by the husband, failure to resume cohabitation post a maintenance decree, and repudiation of marriage under specific age conditions.

    Note: Consult a divorce lawyer in Chandigarh before you file any paperwork. He/She will provide guidance and support throughout the entirety of the divorce proceedings.

    Irretrievable Breakdown of Marriage:

    The theory of an irretrievable breakdown of marriage is emerging as a significant divorce ground. It acknowledges that some marriages have practically dissolved due to prolonged separation and unsuccessful reconciliation efforts. The Supreme Court advocates its inclusion in the legal framework to address marriages that are essentially over but lack specific fault-based grounds.

    Interim Maintenance:

    Interim maintenance pertains to financial support sought by a divorced wife without an independent income during legal proceedings. The court’s discretion determines the amount, aiming to cover immediate basic necessities until the case is resolved.

    Conclusion:

    Comprehending the various grounds and concepts for divorce in India is vital for those navigating challenges related to marriage. The legal structure recognizes a range of scenarios that may lead to marital dissolution, including adultery, cruelty, conversion, insanity, and more. As divorce laws evolve, they emphasize the importance of accommodating contemporary circumstances, ensuring fairness and justice in the process of marital dissolution. If you are looking for the best divorce lawyer in Chandigarh, contact SL Legal Services today. 

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